The Temple of Hera is a monument and a World Heritage Site. It lies near Pythagorio, where it was the ancient city of Samos. It is an archaic sanctuary; the first one of the typical Greek temples, and one of the biggest ever made in Greece.

At Pythagorio (ancient Samos), over a low hill, stands the medieval Castle of Pythagorio. The site was inhabited since the prehistoric times and was the center of all the historic landmarks of the island.



Today the Tower of Logothetis (or Tower of Lykourgos) stands out there, and hosts a small museum.

One more world renowned monument of the island is the famous Efpalinio Tunnel, one of the greatest technical achievements of the ancient world. It was constructed to supply the ancient capital of Samos with water.